What are the primary functions of estrogen in women's health?

Estrogen plays a crucial role in women's health, primarily through several key functions. One of its main purposes is the development of secondary sexual characteristics, which includes breast development and the distribution of body fat. This hormone is also integral in regulating the menstrual cycle by controlling various stages of the cycle, including the timing of ovulation and the thickening of the uterine lining in preparation for possible implantation of a fertilized egg.

Furthermore, estrogen is vital for the maintenance of pregnancy, as it helps maintain the uterine lining and supports fetal development throughout the gestational period. This hormone also influences other bodily functions, including aspects of bone health and cholesterol metabolism.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the primary functions of estrogen. Regulation of blood pressure and heart rate is not directly influenced by estrogen; instead, it involves a complex interplay of various hormones and mechanisms. Although estrogen may have some effects on cardiovascular health indirectly, its primary roles are more associated with reproductive functions.

The formation of red blood cells and tissue repair is primarily managed by erythropoietin and other factors, rather than estrogen's primary roles. Lastly, while estrogen interacts with insulin and can influence metabolism, it is not primarily responsible for the production of insulin or direct regulation of blood