What condition can be associated with both excessive menstrual bleeding and severe pelvic pain?

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, often affecting the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. This abnormal tissue growth can lead to excessive menstrual bleeding due to the inflammation and the disruption of normal menstrual cycles.

Severe pelvic pain is a hallmark symptom of endometriosis, often manifesting during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) but can also occur at other times during the menstrual cycle. This pain results from the endometrial-like tissue responding to hormonal fluctuations, similar to the uterine lining, which can cause scarring, adhesions, and even cyst formation that contribute to significant discomfort.

In contrast, conditions like fibroids may also cause heavy menstrual bleeding but are not typically associated with the same level of pelvic pain as seen with endometriosis. Polycystic ovary syndrome primarily presents with irregular menstrual cycles, hormonal imbalances, and symptoms related to insulin resistance, rather than significant pelvic pain or heavy bleeding. Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding but is often associated with infection and additional systemic symptoms, making it distinct from endometriosis in terms of presentation.

Hence, the association of both excessive menstrual bleeding