What hormone is known to stimulate ovulation?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is the hormone specifically known to stimulate ovulation. It plays a critical role in the female reproductive cycle. During the menstrual cycle, a surge in LH levels coincides with the maturation of the ovarian follicle. This surge triggers the release of the mature egg from the ovary, a process known as ovulation.

The other hormones listed have different functions in the body. Prolactin is primarily involved in milk production and has roles in reproductive health but does not stimulate ovulation. Cortisol is a stress hormone that affects various physiological processes but is not directly involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle or ovulation. Progesterone plays a vital role in preparing the endometrium for potential implantation after ovulation has occurred, but it is not responsible for triggering the ovulation process itself. Therefore, LH is the hormone specifically associated with the ovulatory process.